Electronic Christmas tree building kit – luminating Christmas tree
€6.50
Build your own Electronic Christmas tree! Building kit for beginners and advanced users.
| Title | Range | Discount |
|---|---|---|
| Discount for over 99 pieces | 99 + | €1.10 flat |
Description
Description:
Battery-powered LED Christmas tree kit with discrete perforated components.
Assembly time 1-2 hours.
Recommended for: Beginner to intermediate users.
Required for assembly
Pliers, side cutter, soldering iron. The item does not contain an item. A 9V battery is required for operation.
Specifications
Power supply: 9V.
Operating temperature range: 10-40 ° C
Assembly
Parts:
The circuit consists of 4 different circuit elements:
Resistance: This limits the current flowing. Its value can also be determined with a resistance meter and the color markings on it. We use 3 different values for the Christmas tree: 120 Ohm, 240 Ohm, and 3.9 kOhm.
4, 5, or 6 bands are used for color marking. Tolerance is always the last and the multiplier is the penultimate. The first 2-4 are the digits (mantissa).
| Colors | Number | Multiplier (4 bars) | Tolerance |
| Black | 0 | *1 | |
| Brown | 1 | *10 | +-1% |
| Red | 2 | *100 | +-2% |
| Orange | 3 | *1000 | |
| Yellow | 4 | *10000 | |
| Green | 5 | *100000 | |
| Blue | 6 | *1000000 | |
| Violet | 7 | ||
| Grey | 8 | ||
| White | 9 | ||
| Gold | /10 | +-5% | |
| Silver | /100 | +-10% |
- Capacitor: It charges and discharges: it stores the charge and then discharges it. Its value is indicated on it. The component used is an electrolytic capacitor whose polarity is important. The negative foot is indicated by the strip on the side of the capacitor.
- LED: Light-emitting diode, it will light up. It has two legs, one called the anode and the other the cathode. It is a semiconductor device that conducts current in only one direction (anode +, cathode -). Thus, this must also be implanted with the correct polarity. The anode legs are longer.
- Transistor: Used here as a controlled switch. It has 3 legs, between the base and the emitter foot, if the voltage exceeds ~ 0.6 V, the current will start. As a result, it passes a much larger current between the legs called the emitter and the collector.
Assembly procedure:
- Solder the resistors one by one, making sure they get the right value everywhere.
- Solder the transistors according to the drawing on the panel.
- Solder the LEDs with the correct polarity (the longer leg is the anode).
- Solder the capacitors according to the polarity marked on the panel. (On electrolytic capacitors, the bar represents the – polarity, this foot is shorter than the other).
- Solder the power connection wires. Red to +, black to -.
- Rotate the base of the Christmas tree at 90 ° and push it to the bottom of the panel so that the two panels are in one place.
Commissioning
- Check that the capacitors are soldered with the correct polarity.
If possible, test the circuit first using a laboratory power supply with a 9 V, 100 mA current limit.
Possible errors and their solutions:
- If the circuit does not operate with a multimeter in diode test mode, check the polarity of the LEDs.
- If the flashing rate or the brightness of the LEDs is not correct, check the resistances.
- If all LEDs are lit at the same time, the vibration has not started. To do this, remove the battery and reconnect it after a few seconds.
Functional description
When switching on, the current is started through the base of the transistors through the 3.9 kOhm resistors, as a result of which the transistors open, current flows between the emitter-collector and the LEDs light up.
When one of the transistors closes, the capacitor – pin connected to the collector is connected to the GND (0V) + open voltage of the LEDs (green: ~ 2.2 V, red: ~ 1.8 V). This is ~ 4 V for transistor Q2. The + pin of the capacitor is connected to the 9 V supply voltage through the base of transistor Q3, so it has a potential of ~ 8.4 V. So the capacitor is approx. Charges to 4.4 V. When transistor Q2 closes again, the capacitor C1 is at the 9 V supply voltage level, and the + foot will be higher with the capacitor charge voltage: 9 V + 4.4 V = 13.4 V. This is based on the base of transistor Q3. join. When the base voltage exceeds the emitter, the transistor closes, i.e. now the transistor Q3 is closed and thus the capacitor pin C3 passes through the two green LEDs for approx. To a potential of 4.4 V. Meanwhile, capacitor C1 is continuously discharged through resistor R2 and when its voltage drops, transistor Q3 can open again and the process starts again.
For the oscillation circuit to start, one of the transistors must open earlier than the others. Which transistor will open first after switching on is random due to the standard deviation of the components (components of the same value are not the same, there may be a small difference between them.
Possibility of modification
Logo replacement for 100+ orders.
Schematic
Keywords
Christmas, Christmas tree, KIT, LED, discrete, perforated
